Aclara Resources is developing a vertically integrated heavy rare earth supply chain, from ionic clay deposits in Brazil and Chile through U.S. separation and magnet-grade alloy production. Its patented Circular Mineral Harvesting process is designed to produce rare earth concentrates without tailings while recirculating 95% of process water and 99% of its main reagent. The company is also applying artificial intelligence to exploration and separation, with a pilot plant partnership involving Virginia Tech and Argonne National Laboratory.
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REalloys IncREalloys Inc. is building a vertically integrated North American mine-to-magnet business that turns rare-earth resources and recycled feedstocks into metals, alloys, and permanent magnets. Its unusual edge is uranium and thorium removal at commercial scale through its Saskatchewan Research Council partnership, paired with downstream manufacturing in Euclid, Ohio. The company is developing this supply chain for defense, electrification, renewable energy, and other applications that depend on non-Chinese rare-earth materials.EUCLID, OH
Mission Critical MaterialsBorn from West Virginia University research, Mission Critical Materials recovers heavy rare earth elements from acid mine drainage while improving water quality at legacy mining sites. Launched in December 2025, the U.S.-based company is commercializing a modular process demonstrated in both Appalachian coal-mine water and hard-rock mine drainage, turning mandated environmental treatment into a domestic source of materials for defense and advanced manufacturing. Its work is supported by more than $35 million in U.S. government funding.
REEgenREEgen uses genetically optimized bacteria to recover rare earth elements from ores and industrial waste, including materials that would otherwise be discarded. The Ithaca startup’s low-temperature, low-pressure bioleaching process produces biodegradable acids instead of relying on harsh chemicals or high heat, positioning it around cleaner, more circular critical-mineral production.ITHACA, NY
Galvanix IncGalvanix Inc. is developing a domestic, sustainable process for reducing rare-earth metals used in permanent magnets for technologies such as electric vehicles and wind turbines. Co-founded by Alan Long and Professor Rohan Akolkar, the company focuses on replacing the polluting, China-dominated production route with an emissions-free, more energy-efficient alternative. Its work has received Phase I support from both the NSF SBIR program and the Department of Energy’s E-SCRAP initiative.CLEVELAND, OH