Clean Heat Technologies grew out of Lalit Chordia’s supercritical-CO2 work, begun with his first company in 1990, and now brings more than 30 years of research to commercial heat-pump development. The Pittsburgh company is known for establishing a commercial-scale direct-exchange geothermal system using CO2 and designs systems for customers seeking lower-energy heating or cooling in buildings and industrial operations.
EchogenEchogen develops and builds thermal energy systems based on supercritical carbon dioxide, turning waste heat into power and storing electricity as heat for grid and industrial applications. The Akron company brings nearly two decades of sCO₂ development to hands-on engineering, with systems designed, tested, and refined by its own team rather than left at the concept stage. Its 1.5 MWth heat engine completed more than 100 hours of autonomous operation at 600°C in 2024, while its power-conversion technology is also being developed for advanced nuclear reactors.AKRON, OH
Energy Catalyst TechnologiesEnergy Catalyst Technologies began in 2019 as a geothermal contractor and now manufactures its own heat pumps in Troy, New York. Its experience in the field shaped a retrofit-minded approach: the company’s Double Hybrid system is built to work with heating infrastructure already in place, serving homeowners and small-to-medium-sized buildings across New York and Vermont.TROY, NY
Waterless™ DX GeothermalBased in Saint Henry, Ohio, Waterless™ DX Geothermal manufactures patented direct-exchange geothermal heating and cooling systems that move heat through buried copper loops rather than water. The Total Green Manufacturing team brings DX experience dating to the early 1990s, and its equipment is made in the USA for residential and commercial properties, including retrofit projects that can reuse existing DX ground loops. Its compact loop designs can reduce the amount of yard disruption while providing heating, cooling, and optional hot water from one system.ST HENRY, OH
Green Mill SupercriticalGreen Mill Supercritical manufactures supercritical CO2 fluid extraction systems, drawing on a history of Pittsburgh, PA-based supercritical carbon dioxide technology dating back to Carnegie Mellon University in the early 80s. Their systems incorporate scientific advancements and are customized for the needs of a rapidly evolving industry.SAN FRANCISCO, CA