Founded in 1986 by Ravi Bains, Advanced Research Systems designs and manufactures cryocoolers and laboratory cryogenic systems for low-temperature research. Working from Pennsylvania, the company is unusual among laboratory cryostat suppliers in making its own 4 K closed-cycle cryocoolers, allowing it to tailor complete systems for demanding experiments. ARS-built systems are exported to more than 50 countries and supported by the company’s own service staff.